Entries |
Document | Title | Date |
20080218281 | Anodically Bonded Cell, Method for Making Same and Systems Incorporating Same - A cell suitable for use with an atomic clock and a method for making the same, the cell including: a silicon wafer having a recess formed therein; at least one amorphous silicate member having an ion mobility and temperature expansion coefficient approximately that of silicon sealing the recess; and, an alkali metal containing component and buffer gas contained in the recess. The method includes: providing a silicon wafer; forming a cavity through the silicon wafer; introducing an alkali metal containing component and buffer gas into the cavity; and, anodically bonding at least one amorphous silicate member having an ion mobility and temperature expansion coefficient approximately that of silicon to the wafer to close the cavity. | 09-11-2008 |
20090058545 | ATOMIC ION CLOCK WITH TWO ION TRAPS, AND METHOD TO TRANSFER IONS - An atomic ion clock with a first ion trap and a second ion trap, where the second ion trap is of higher order than the first ion trap. In one embodiment, ions may be shuttled back and forth from one ion trap to the other by application of voltage ramps to the electrodes in the ion traps, where microwave interrogation takes place when the ions are in the second ion trap, and fluorescence is induced and measured when the ions are in the first ion trap. In one embodiment, the RF voltages applied to the second ion trap to contain the ions are at a higher frequency than that applied to the first ion trap. Other embodiments are described and claimed. | 03-05-2009 |
20090066430 | BATCH-FABRICATED, RF-INTERROGATED, END TRANSITION, CHIP-SCALE ATOMIC CLOCK - A chip scale atomic clock is disclosed that provides a low power atomic time/frequency reference that employs direct RF-interrogation on an end-state transition. The atomic time/frequency reference includes an alkali vapor cell containing alkali atoms, preferably cesium atoms, flex circuits for physically supporting, heating, and thermally isolating the alkali vapor cell, a laser source for pumping alkali atoms within the alkali vapor cell into an end resonance state by applying an optical signal along a first axis, a photodetector for detecting a second optical signal emanating from the alkali vapor cell along the first axis, a pair of RF excitation coils for applying an RF-interrogation signal to the alkali atoms along a second axis perpendicular to the first axis, a pair of bias coils for applying a uniform DC magnetic field along the first axis, and a pair of Zeeman coils for applying a Zeeman interrogation signal to the alkali atoms and oriented and configured to apply a time-varying magnetic field along the second axis through the alkali vapor cell. Another flex circuit is used for physically supporting the laser source, for heating the laser source, and for providing thermal isolation of the laser source. The laser source can be a vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VSCEL). The bias coils can be Helmholtz coils. | 03-12-2009 |
20090174489 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator that controls an oscillation frequency by using an optical absorption property derived from a quantum interference effect occurring when two kinds of resonance light are made incident as coherent light having different wavelengths from each other, includes an optical system that includes: a gas cell sealing metal atoms in a gas state therein; a coherent light source for supplying the resonance light to the metal atoms being in the gas cell; and a light detector for detecting light transmitted through the gas cell. In the atomic oscillator, a first refraction unit is formed at a light incident side, on which coherent light is made incident, of the gas cell. | 07-09-2009 |
20090251224 | COMPACT OPTICAL ASSEMBLY FOR CHIP-SCALE ATOMIC CLOCK - Provided is a chip-scale atomic clock having a folded optic configuration or physics package. In particular, the physics package includes a vapor cell for containing gaseous alkali atoms and a VCSEL for generating a laser light. One or more heating elements are positioned to simultaneously heat both the vapor cell and VCSEL to the required operating temperature. A micro-lens element, positioned between the VCSEL and a reflector, is used to first expand the beam of light, and then to subsequently collimate the light after it is once reflected. Collimated, reflected light passes through the vapor cell wherein the alkali atoms are excited and a percentage of the reflected light is absorbed. A detector, located opposite the reflector and micro-lens array, detects light passing through the cell. An error signal is generated and the output voltage of a local voltage oscillator is successively stabilized. | 10-08-2009 |
20090289728 | Atomic frequency standard based on phase detection - This invention concerns the realization of a Coherent-Population-Trapping (CPT) atomic frequency standard by utilization of both the phase delay and the absorption of the light transmitted through an atomic vapor. The invented method enables the use of high modulation frequency and a fast lock of a low quality oscillator to the atomic hyperfine transition. | 11-26-2009 |
20090302956 | Atomic Oscillator - An atomic oscillator includes a light source, a first coil initiating the light source to emit light, a resonance cell having enclosed atoms absorbing light from the light source, a second coil adjusting the resonant frequency of the atoms in the resonance cell, a resonator supplying the microwave of a predetermined frequency to the resonance cell, a control circuit generating a control voltage corresponding to a light absorption amount in the resonance cell according to the microwave frequency, and an oscillator having an output signal frequency controlled to the resonant frequency by the control voltage, wherein the first and second coils and the resonator are formed of a conductor pattern on a rigid-flexible substrate having a rigid portion and a flexible portion, and the flexible portion is wound on the periphery of the light source and the resonance cell, and connected to a connector disposed on the rigid portion. | 12-10-2009 |
20090302957 | Atomic beam tube with counter optical or atomic beams - An atomic beam tube for frequency standard which employs either counter propagating optical beams or counter propagating atomic beams and Coherent Population Trapping (CPT) is disclosed. Atoms selected from the group consisting of the alkali metal family (Cesium, Rubidium, Potassium, Sodium and Lithium) are emitted from one or two sources to form a single or double atomic beams. The atoms interact with the optical beams at two crossing points. The optical beams are generated by a laser and are modulated at half the hyperfine frequency. The optical beam is splitted into two counter propagating beams in round paths which interact with the atomic beam at two interaction regions. The interaction with the light causes the atoms to enter a CPT state. A dark line in the fluorescence at the second crossing is used to lock an RF oscillator to the atomic hyperfine transition. | 12-10-2009 |
20090309668 | Reversible Alkali Beam Cell - One embodiment of the invention includes an alkali beam cell system that comprises a reversible alkali beam cell. The reversible alkali beam cell includes a first chamber configured as a reservoir chamber that is configured to evaporate an alkali metal during a first time period and as a detection chamber that is configured to collect the evaporated alkali metal during a second time period. The reversible alkali beam cell also includes a second chamber configured as the detection chamber during the first time period and as the reservoir chamber during the second time period. The reversible alkali beam cell further includes an aperture interconnecting the first and second chambers and through which the alkali metal is allowed to diffuse. | 12-17-2009 |
20090315629 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes: a gas cell in which a gaseous metal atom is sealed; heating units heating the gas cell to a predetermined temperature and being a first heater and a second heater; a light source of exciting light exciting the metal atom in the gas cell; a light detecting unit detecting the exciting light which has passed through the gas cell; a substrate including at least a temperature controlling circuit for the heating units; a first heater wiring coupling the first heater and the substrate; a second heater wiring coupling the second heater and the substrate; and a third heater wiring coupling the first heater and the second heater. In the atomic oscillator, the gas cell includes a cylindrical portion; and windows which respectively seal openings at both ends of the cylindrical portion and constitute an incident surface and an emitting surface on an optical path of the exciting light. The first heater and the second heater are respectively formed on the windows at an incident surface side and an emitting surface side and made of transparent heating materials. | 12-24-2009 |
20100033255 | PHYSICS PACKAGE DESIGN FOR A COLD ATOM PRIMARY FREQUENCY STANDARD - A physic package for an atomic clock comprising: a block made of optical glass, a glass ceramic material or another suitable material that includes a plurality of faces on its exterior and a plurality of angled borings that serve as a vacuum chamber cavity, light paths and measurement bores; mirrors fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the exterior of the block at certain locations where two light paths intersect; optically clear windows fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the block's exterior over openings of the measurement bores and at one location where two light paths intersect; and fill tubes fixedly attached using a vacuum tight seal to the exterior of the block over the ends of the vacuum chamber cavity. This physics package design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping. | 02-11-2010 |
20100033256 | COLD ATOM MICRO PRIMARY STANDARD - An atomic clock having a physics package that includes a vacuum chamber cavity that holds atoms of Rb-87 under high vacuum conditions, an optical bench having a single laser light source, a local oscillator, a plurality of magnetic field coils, an antenna, at least one photo-detector and integrated control electronics. The single laser light source has a fold-retro-reflected design to create three retro-reflected optical beams that cross at 90° angles relative to one another in the vacuum chamber cavity. This design allows the single laser light source to make the required six trapping beams needed to trap and cool the atoms of Rb-87. The foregoing design makes possible atomic clocks having reduced size and power consumption and capable of maintaining an ultra-high vacuum without active pumping. | 02-11-2010 |
20100039181 | SPIN-TRANSFER TORQUE OSCILLATOR - The invention relates to a method of operating a spin-transfer torque structure to generate voltage oscillations, said structure comprising a first layer of magnetic material having a fixed magnetization vector, a spacer of non magnetic material and a second layer of magnetic material having a free magnetization vector. The method includes the application of a current (j | 02-18-2010 |
20100102893 | PHYSICAL SECTION OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A physical section of an atomic oscillator includes at least: a gas cell including a cylindrical portion and first and second windows respectively hermetically-closing openings of both sides of the cylindrical portion to form a cavity in which gaseous metal atoms are sealed; a light reflection unit disposed on the first window; a first heating unit disposed to be closely attached to the second window and heating the gas cell at a predetermined temperature; a light source disposed so as to allow a light emitting part thereof to face the light reflecting unit, emitting excitation light exciting the metal atoms in the gas cell, and provided on a side, which is a reverse side to a side to which the gas cell is provided, of the first heating unit; a light detection unit detecting the excitation light reflected by the light reflection unit and provided also on a side, which is a reverse side to a side to which the gas cell is provided, of the first heating unit; and a Peltier element interposed between the light source and the first heating unit, and between the light detection unit and the first heating unit. | 04-29-2010 |
20100148879 | ATOMIC FREQUENCY ACQUIRING APPARATUS AND ATOMIC CLOCK - An atomic frequency acquisition apparatus includes: a cell enclosing atomic gas therein; a laser light source that oscillates a laser light that enters the cell and excites the atomic gas; and a photodetecting section that detects the laser light that has passed through the cell, wherein the cell has at least a laser light reflection section inside thereof. | 06-17-2010 |
20100156547 | METHOD FOR SUPPRESSING LIGHT SHIFT IN OPTICAL PUMPING SYSTEMS - The present invention relates to a method and system to suppress or eliminate light shift in an optical pumping system, such as an atomic clock. The method uses modulation of a radiation source, such as a radio frequency or microwave source, to simultaneously lock the frequency of the radiation source to an atomic resonance and lock the frequency of the optical pumping source in order to suppress or eliminate light shift. In one embodiment, the method of the present invention directly utilizes the out-of-phase channel of a lock-in amplifier to additionally lock an optical pumping source to a zero-light-shift frequency, where the in-phase channel is used to lock the frequency of the radiation source to an atomic resonance. | 06-24-2010 |
20100244970 | ATOMIC CLOCK REGULATED BY A STATIC FIELD AND TWO OSCILLATING FIELDS - An atomic clock including a mechanism applying both a static magnetic field and two oscillating magnetic fields, all mutually perpendicular, in a magnetic shield. The amplitudes and frequencies of the oscillating magnetic fields may be chosen so as to annihilate energy variations between sub-transition levels of excited atoms and to reinforce a clock output signal, and with low sensitivity to defects in regulation. | 09-30-2010 |
20100259334 | ATOMIC CLOCK - An atomic clock comprises endohedral fullerene systems which provide the standard frequency oscillations. A magnet device applies a magnetic field to the endohedral fullerenes. The applied magnetic field is adjustable. An excitation device both excites each endohedral fullerene system to cause it to undergo transitions which generate the time-keeping oscillations, and also probes the systems such that the oscillations can be measured and the device controlled. A detection device senses the response of the systems induced by the excitation device. The output of the detection device is fed to a controller. The controller produces the atomic clock output, which is the clock signal or frequency standard, and also controls the magnet device and the excitation device. The controller controls the magnetic field applied by the magnet device such that the energy difference of the time-keeping transition is insensitive to variations in magnetic field, thereby stabilizing the frequency of the oscillations and avoiding the effects of changes in external magnetic field. | 10-14-2010 |
20100315173 | ATOMIC CLOCK OPERATING WITH HELIUM 3 - An atomic clock comprises helium 3 plasma as measurement medium, which is taken to the plasma state to exploit the metastable state of the material and the levels of the hyperfine structure, the lifetime of which is long and which thus enable an easier measurement than the excitations of gaseous atoms. | 12-16-2010 |
20110025425 | Atomic Frequency Clock Systems and Methods - One embodiment of the invention includes an atomic clock system including an alkali beam cell and an interrogation system configured to generate an optical pump beam and at least one optical probe beam that illuminate a detection chamber of the beam cell to pump evaporated alkali metal atoms. An optical detection system can provide a microwave signal to the detection chamber and can measure an intensity of the optical pump beam to determine a transition frequency corresponding to optimum photon absorption of the evaporated alkali metal atoms. A photodetection system can measure an intensity of the at least one optical probe beam and to generate an intensity signal that is provided to the optical detection system to substantially cancel Doppler broadening of the transition frequency resulting from non-orthogonal planar movement of the evaporated alkali metal atoms relative to the optical pump beam and the at least one optical probe beam. | 02-03-2011 |
20110057737 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND MAGNETIC SENSOR - A quantum interference device for causing an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon to occur in an alkali metal atom by a resonant light pair including a first resonant light and a second resonant light, includes: a light source to generate a plurality of the first resonant lights different from each other in frequency by Δω and a plurality of the second resonant lights different from each other in frequency by Δω; a magnetic field generation unit that applies a magnetic field to the alkali metal atom; a light detection unit that detects intensities of lights including the first resonant lights and the second resonant lights passing through the alkali metal atom; and a control unit that controls to cause a frequency difference between the specified first resonant light and the specified second resonant light to become equal to a frequency difference corresponding to an energy difference between two ground levels of the alkali metal atom based on a detection result of the light detection unit, wherein the control unit controls at least one of the frequency Δω and intensity of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generation unit to satisfy at least one of 2×δ×n=Δω and Δω×n=2×δ (n is a positive integer) with respect to a frequency δ corresponding to an energy difference between two Zeeman split levels different from each other in magnetic quantum number by one among a plurality of Zeeman split levels generated in each of the two ground levels of the alkali metal atom by energy splitting due to the magnetic field. | 03-10-2011 |
20110109395 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator using an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon caused by irradiation of a resonant light pair to an alkali metal atom, includes: a light source that generates a first light having a center frequency f | 05-12-2011 |
20110128082 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND MANUFACTURING METHOD - An atomic oscillator includes: a light-receiving element including a light-receiving section; a cell layer that is laminated on the light-receiving element and includes a cavity having an opening above the light-receiving section; gaseous alkali metal atoms sealed in the cavity; a transparent member to close the opening; and a light-emitting element to emit resonance light to the light-receiving section through the transparent member and the alkali metal atoms. | 06-02-2011 |
20110187464 | APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR ALKALI VAPOR CELLS - Apparatus and methods for alkali vapor cells are provided. In one embodiment, a vapor cell for a Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks (CSAC) comprises a silicon wafer having defined within a first chamber, a second chamber, and a pathway connecting the first chamber to the second chamber; a first glass wafer anodically-bonded to a first surface of the silicon wafer; a second glass wafer anodically-bonded to an opposing second surface of the silicon wafer, wherein the first chamber defines an optical path through the vapor cell; and an alkali metal material deposited into the second chamber. The pathway connecting the first chamber to the second chamber is configured with a geometry that is at least partially inhibitive to alkali metal vapor flow. | 08-04-2011 |
20110187465 | DESIGN AND PROCESSES FOR STABILIZING A VCSEL IN A CHIP-SCALE ATOMIC CLOCK - A method to construct a chip-scale atomic clock is provided. The method comprises providing a scaffolding for components in a chip-scale atomic clock. The components include a laser and at least one other component. The method also includes operationally positioning the components on the scaffolding so that an emitting surface of the laser is non-parallel to partially reflective surfaces of the at least one other component. | 08-04-2011 |
20110187466 | CHIP-SCALE ATOMIC CLOCK WITH TWO THERMAL ZONES - A chip-scale atomic clock comprises a physics package and a laser die located in a first thermal zone of the physics package. A quarter wave plate is mounted in the physics package and is in optical communication with the laser die. A vapor cell is mounted in the physics package and is in optical communication with the quarter wave plate. The vapor cell is located in a second thermal zone that is independent from the first thermal zone. An optical detector is mounted in the physics package and is in optical communication with the vapor cell. The first thermal zone provides a first operation temperature at a first stability point associated with the laser die, and the second thermal zone provides a second operation temperature at a second stability point associated with the vapor cell. | 08-04-2011 |
20110187467 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator using an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon caused by irradiating a resonant light pair to an alkali metal atom, includes: a gaseous alkali metal atom; a light source that generates a plurality of lights having coherency and including a first light and a second light different from each other in frequency, and irradiates them to the alkali metal atom; a light detection part that receives a plurality of lights passing through the alkali metal atom and generates a detection signal including a beat signal of a specified frequency obtained by interference of the plurality of lights; and a frequency control part that performs frequency control of at least one of the first light and the second light based on the beat signal of the specified frequency included in the detection signal, and causes the first light and the second light to become a resonant light pair by which the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon is caused in the alkali metal atom. | 08-04-2011 |
20110193638 | Terahertz oscillators and methods of manufacturing electron emitters - A terahertz oscillator may include a first insulating layer, an electron emitter on the first insulating layer, adapted to emit an electron beam, and including a cathode, an anode, an oscillating circuit, and a collector sequentially disposed, spaced apart from each other, on the first insulating layer in a direction in which the electron beam is emitted from the electron emitter, wherein the oscillating circuit converts energy of the electron beam to energy of an electromagnetic wave, and wherein the collector collects the electron beam, an output unit adapted to emit the electromagnetic wave from the oscillating circuit to outside of the terahertz oscillator, and an electron emitting material layer. The cathode may include a first curved portion that extends in a direction perpendicular to the first insulating layer. The electron emitting material layer may be on an inner surface of the first curved portion of the cathode. | 08-11-2011 |
20110215878 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator, attention is paid to the fact that the degree of change of the energy difference between the two ground levels of the alkali metal atom with respect to the change of the magnetic field intensity is specific to each of the magnetic quantum numbers, a resonant light pair to cause a transition between the two ground levels corresponding to each of the plural magnetic quantum numbers is sequentially generated, plural pieces of profile information capable of specifying the energy difference between the two ground levels corresponding to each of the magnetic quantum numbers are sequentially acquired based on the detection signal, the change amount of the magnetic field intensity is specified based on the acquired plural pieces of profile information, and the control is performed so that the intensity of the magnetic field becomes constant. | 09-08-2011 |
20110260801 | PHYSICAL SECTION OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A physical section of an atomic oscillator includes: a gas cell in which gaseous metal atoms are sealed, and the gas cell includes a first window having optical transparency; a light source that emits excitation light toward the metal atoms through the first window; a first heating unit that disposes at the first window and that is located between the first window and the light source; and a Peltier element that is stacked on the first heating unit, that is located between the first heating unit and the light source, and that decreases a temperature of a side of the Peltier element facing the light source than a temperature of an opposite side of the Peltier element facing the gas cell. | 10-27-2011 |
20110309887 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes a cell containing a mixture gas of alkali metal atoms and isotopes of the alkali metal atoms, a light source that has coherency and irradiates the gas with lights including a first resonant light pair having two different frequency components for one center frequency and a second resonant light pair, a photo detector that generates a detection signal corresponding to intensity of light passing through the gas, and a frequency control part that controls, based on the detection signal, frequencies of the first resonant light pair to cause an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon to occur in the alkali metal atom and controls frequencies of the second resonant light pair to cause the electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon to occur in the isotope of the alkali metal atom. | 12-22-2011 |
20120013411 | OPTICAL MODULE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module of an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source to generate first light including a fundamental wave having a center wavelength, and including a first sideband wave and a second sideband wave having wavelengths that are different from each other, a wavelength selection unit that emits second light by selecting the first sideband wave and the second sideband wave of the first light and by allowing them to pass through, a gas cell in which an alkali metal gas is sealed and to which the second light is irradiated, and a light detection unit that detects an intensity of the second light passing through the gas cell. | 01-19-2012 |
20120062327 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes: a gas cell in which a gaseous metal atom is sealed; heating units heating the gas cell to a predetermined temperature and being a first heater and a second heater; a light source of exciting light exciting the metal atom in the gas cell; a light detecting unit detecting the exciting light which has passed through the gas cell; a substrate including at least a temperature controlling circuit for the heating units; a first heater wiring coupling the first heater and the substrate; a second heater wiring coupling the second heater and the substrate; and a third heater wiring coupling the first heater and the second heater. | 03-15-2012 |
20120126905 | Assisting FGL oscillations with perpendicular anisotropy for MAMR - A spin transfer oscillator (STO) structure is disclosed that includes two assist layers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) to enable a field generation layer (FGL) to achieve an oscillation state at lower current density for MAMR applications. In one embodiment, the STO is formed between a main pole and write shield and the FGL has a synthetic anti-ferromagnetic structure. The STO configuration may be represented by seed layer/spin injection layer (SIL)/spacer/PMA layer 1/FGL/spacer/PMA layer 2/capping layer. The spacer may be Cu for giant magnetoresistive (GMR) devices or a metal oxide for tunneling magnetoresistive (TMR) devices. Alternatively, the FGL is a single ferromagnetic layer and the second PMA assist layer has a synthetic structure including two PMA layers with magnetic moment in opposite directions in a seed layer/SIL/spacer/PMA assist 1/FGL/spacer/PMA assist 2/capping layer configuration. SIL and PMA assist layers are laminates of (CoFe/Ni)x or the like. | 05-24-2012 |
20120139649 | FIELD TUNABLE SPIN TORQUE OSCILLATOR FOR RF SIGNAL GENERATION - A spin transfer oscillator (STO) device is disclosed with a giant magnetoresistive (GMR) junction comprising a magnetic resistance layer (MRL)/spacer/magnetic oscillation layer (MOL) configuration, and a MR sensor including a sensing layer/junction layer/reference layer configuration. MOL and sensing layer are magnetostatically coupled and separated by a conductive spacer. MRL has perpendicular magnetic anisotropy while MOL and sensing layer have a Mst (saturation magnetization×thickness) value within ±50% of each other. When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the planes of the MOL and a high density current flows from the conductive spacer to the MRL, a MOL oscillation state with a certain frequency is induced. Consequently, the sensing layer oscillates with a similar RF frequency and when a low density current flows across the MR sensor, an AC voltage signal is generated to determine the sensing layer frequency that can be varied by adjusting the applied field. | 06-07-2012 |
20120154062 | DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR OPTICAL REFERENCE - A system for distributing a reference oscillator signal includes a clock having a reference oscillator and a femtosecond laser stabilized by the reference oscillator. The system also includes at least one beamsplitter configured to split the femtosecond laser. The system further includes one or more remote nodes that are spaced from the clock. The remote nodes are configured to generate reference signals based on the split femtosecond laser. | 06-21-2012 |
20120154063 | SPIN TORQUE OSCILLATOR HAVING MULTIPLE FIXED FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS OR MULTIPLE FREE FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS - A spin torque oscillator and a method of making same. The spin torque oscillator is configured to generate microwave electrical oscillations without the use of a magnetic field external thereto, the spin torque oscillator having one of a plurality of input nanopillars and a nanopillar having a plurality of free FM layers. | 06-21-2012 |
20120212298 | DEVICE FOR AN ATOMIC CLOCK - A device for an atomic clock, including: a laser source ( | 08-23-2012 |
20120235752 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source adapted to emit light including a fundamental wave having a predetermined wavelength, and sideband waves of the fundamental wave, a wavelength selection section receiving the light from the light source, and adapted to transmit the sideband waves out of the light input, a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas, and irradiated with light transmitted through the wavelength selection section, and a light detection section adapted to detect an intensity of light transmitted through the gas cell, and the wavelength selection section includes a fiber Bragg grating, and a voltage application section adapted to apply a voltage to the fiber Bragg grating. | 09-20-2012 |
20120235753 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source adapted to emit light including a fundamental wave having a predetermined wavelength, and sideband waves of the fundamental wave, a wavelength selection section receiving the light from the light source, and adapted to transmit the sideband waves out of the light input, a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas, and irradiated with light transmitted through the wavelength selection section, and a light detection section adapted to detect an intensity of light transmitted through the gas cell, and the wavelength selection section includes a fiber Bragg grating, and a temperature control section adapted to control temperature of the fiber Bragg grating. | 09-20-2012 |
20120235754 | GAS CELL UNIT, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS - A gas cell unit has a gas cell, inside which a gaseous alkali metal atom is sealed, a heater that heats the gas cell. The heater includes a heating resistor including a plurality of band-like portions so as to be parallel to each other. By making the directions of electric current flowing through two band-like portions adjacent to each other opposite to each other, it is possible to mutually offset or alleviate the magnetic fields generated along with the electric conduction to the plurality of band-like portions. | 09-20-2012 |
20120235755 | GAS CELL UNIT, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS - A gas cell unit has a gas cell, inside which gaseous metallic atoms are sealed a first heater that heats the gas cell, and a second heater that is provided to face the first heater via the gas cell and heats the gas cell. The heaters include a first heating resistor and a second heating resistor which are provided so as to face each other, are heated by electric current flow, and mutually offset the magnetic fields generated along with the electric current flow. | 09-20-2012 |
20120235756 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source adapted to emit light including a fundamental wave having a predetermined wavelength, and sideband waves of the fundamental wave, a wavelength selection section receiving the light from the light source, and adapted to transmit the sideband waves, a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas and irradiated with light transmitted through the wavelength selection section, and a light detection section adapted to detect an intensity of light transmitted through the gas cell, and the wavelength selection section including an optical filter section adapted to transmit light having a wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range, and an optical filter characteristic control section adapted to vary the wavelength range of light to be transmitted by the optical filter section. | 09-20-2012 |
20120242416 | MAGNETIC DEVICE WITH WEAKLY EXCHANGE COUPLED ANTIFERROMAGNETIC LAYER - A magnetic device is provided in one example that comprises a free layer having a magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic anisotropy is at least partially non-uniform. The magnetic device further comprises an antiferromagnetic layer adjacent to and weakly exchange coupled with the free layer, wherein the weak exchange coupling reduces the non-uniformity of the magnetic anisotropy of the free layer. | 09-27-2012 |
20120242417 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator uses a quantum interference effect. The optical module includes a light source adapted to emit light including a fundamental wave having a center wavelength, and sideband waves of the fundamental wave, a wavelength selection section receiving the light from the light source, and adapted to transmit the sideband waves out of the light input, a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas, and irradiated with light transmitted through the wavelength selection section, and a light detection section adapted to detect an intensity of light transmitted through the gas cell. The wavelength selection section includes an etalon and a temperature control section adapted to control temperature of the etalon. | 09-27-2012 |
20120256696 | DEVICE FOR AN ATOMIC CLOCK - A device for an atomic clock, including: a laser source ( | 10-11-2012 |
20120286884 | Micro-scale System to Provide Thermal Isolation and Electrical Communication Between Substrates - A microscale apparatus includes a microscale rigidized Parylene strap having a reinforcement structure extending from a first side of the strap, a first silicon substrate suspended by the microscale rigidized Parylene strap, the microscale rigidized Parylene strap conformally coupled to the first substrate, and a second substrate conformally coupled to the microscale rigidized Parylene strap to suspend the first silicon substrate through the microscale rigidized Parylene strap. | 11-15-2012 |
20120286885 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND CONTROL METHOD OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A method of controlling an atomic oscillator includes generating a resonant light pair in response to a center frequency signal and a sideband signal, and setting the sideband signal so that an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) phenomenon does not occur in a gas cell of the atomic oscillator. The method includes applying the resonant light pair to the gas cell and detecting an intensity level of light transmitted through the gas cell. While the sideband signal is set so that the EIT phenomenon is not occurring, the center frequency signal is varied until a minimum value of the intensity level is identified. A first frequency is calculated by subtracting a predetermined frequency offset from the center frequency at which the intensity level was equal to the minimum value. A center frequency of the resonant light pair is set to the first frequency for operation of the atomic oscillator. | 11-15-2012 |
20120313717 | VAPOR CELL ATOMIC CLOCK PHYSICS PACKAGE - In an example, a chip-scale atomic clock physics package is provided. This chip-scale atomic clock physics package includes a body defining a cavity, and a first scaffold mounted in the cavity. A laser is mounted on the first surface of the first scaffold. A second scaffold is also mounted in the cavity. The second scaffold is disposed such that the first surface of the second scaffold is facing the first scaffold. A first photodetector is mounted on the first surface of the second scaffold. A vapor cell is mounted on the first surface of the second scaffold. A waveplate is also included, wherein the laser, waveplate, first photodetector, and vapor cell are disposed such that a beam from the laser can propagate through the waveplate and the vapor cell and be detected by the first photodetector. A lid is also included for covering the cavity. | 12-13-2012 |
20120319785 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND MAGNETIC SENSOR - A quantum interference device causing electromagnetically induced transparency in an alkali metal atom includes: a light source generating first and second resonant lights with frequency differences Δω; a magnetic field generator applying a magnetic field to the atom; a light detector detecting intensities of the first and second resonant lights passing through the atom; and a controller causing a frequency difference between specified first and second resonant lights to equal a frequency difference corresponding to an energy difference between two ground levels of the atom based on the detected light. The controller causes the frequency Δω or magnetic field intensity to satisfy 2×δ×n=Δω or Δω×n=2×δ. The frequency δ corresponds to an energy difference between two Zeeman split levels differentiated by one magnetic quantum number and generated in the two ground levels of the atom by energy splitting. | 12-20-2012 |
20130009712 | SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR (STO) WITH MAGNETICALLY DAMPED FREE LAYER - A spin-torque oscillator (STO) has increased magnetic damping of the oscillating free ferromagnetic layer. The Gilbert magnetic damping parameter (a) is at least 0.05, and preferably greater than 0.05. The free layer may be a any type of conventional ferromagnetic material, but contains one or more damping elements as a dopant. The damping element is selected from the group consisting of Pt, Pd and the 15 lanthanide elements. The free layer damping may also be increased by a damping layer adjacent the free layer. One type of damping layer may be an antiferromagnetic material, like a Mn alloy. As a modification to the antiferromagnetic damping layer, a bilayer damping layer may be formed of the antiferromagnetic layer and a nonmagnetic metal electrically conductive separation layer between the free layer and the antiferromagnetic layer. Another type of damping layer may be one formed of one or more of the elements selected from Pt, Pd and the lanthanides. | 01-10-2013 |
20130015920 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND METHOD FOR FABRICATING ATOMIC OSCILLATORAANM SATO; ShunichiAACI MiyagiAACO JPAAGP SATO; Shunichi Miyagi JPAANM ITOH; AkihiroAACI MiyagiAACO JPAAGP ITOH; Akihiro Miyagi JPAANM SATO; YukitoAACI MiyagiAACO JPAAGP SATO; Yukito Miyagi JP - An atomic oscillator is disclosed, including an Alkaline metal cell, a light source illuminating a laser beam to the Alkaline metal cell, and a light detector detecting light passing through the Alkaline metal cell. The Alkaline metal cell includes a first member, a second member, a cell internal portion, and an Alkaline metal raw material. In the first member, a first glass substrate is bonded on a second surface of a first substrate where a first opening part is formed. In the second member, a second glass substrate is bonded to a fourth surface of a second substrate where a second opening part is formed. The cell internal portion is formed by the first opening part and the second opening part by bonding the first surface to the third surface. The Alkaline metal raw material is enclosed by the cell internal portion. | 01-17-2013 |
20130027142 | GAS CELL UNIT AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A gas cell unit includes a gas cell in which a gaseous alkali metal atom is sealed, a first heater to heat the gas cell, and a second heater which is provide to face the first heater across the gas cell and heats the gas cell. The first heater includes a first heating resistor which generates heat by energization, and the second heater includes a second heating resistor through which a current flows in the same direction as the direction of a current flowing through the first heating resistor and which generates heat by energization. Between the first heating resistor and the second heating resistor, a magnetic field generated by the energization to the first heating resistor and a magnetic field generated by the energization to the second heating resistor are mutually cancelled or weakened. | 01-31-2013 |
20130038398 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes an atom that generates interaction with first and second lights in accordance with an energy level of a three-level system; and a light source that emits the first light having a first plurality of lights of a first plurality of frequency components different from each other and the second light having a second plurality of lights of a second plurality of frequency components different from each other, wherein when the first and second lights are irradiated to the atom, an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon occurs in accordance with one of the first plurality of lights and one of the second plurality of lights. | 02-14-2013 |
20130043956 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A NANOFABRICATED OPTICAL CIRCULAR POLARIZER - System and methods for a nanofabricated optical circular polarizer are provided. In one embodiment, a nanofabricated circular polarizer comprises a quarter wave plate; and a linear polarizer formed on a surface of the quarter wave plate. | 02-21-2013 |
20130069730 | SPIN-TORQUE OSCILLATOR - According to one embodiment, a spin-torque oscillator includes a non-magnetic unit, one or more first magnetic unit, and a second magnetic unit. The non-magnetic unit is formed of a non-magnetic body. The one or more first magnetic unit is connected to the non-magnetic unit and generates a pure spin current indicating the flow of the electron spin that does not accompany an electric charge current. The second magnetic unit is connected to the non-magnetic unit in a manner such that a distance between the second magnetic unit and the first magnetic unit is shorter than a spin diffusion length indicating a distance that an electronic spin polarization is maintained in the non-magnetic unit. The second magnetic unit oscillates by the pure spin current. | 03-21-2013 |
20130127553 | PARAMETRIC OSCILLATOR AND METHOD FOR GENERATING ULTRA-SHORT PULSES - The invention relates to a parametric oscillator ( | 05-23-2013 |
20130147565 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, CONTROL METHOD OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND QUANTUM INTERFERENCE APPARATUS - An atomic oscillator, a control method of the atomic oscillator and a quantum interference apparatus are provided in which high frequency stability can be maintained even though EIT signal intensity changes. | 06-13-2013 |
20130169371 | SPIN TRANSFER OSCILLATOR - A spin transfer oscillator including a magnetic stack including at least two magnetic layers, at least one of the two magnetic layers is an oscillating layer that has variable direction magnetization and a current supply device configured to cause the flow of a current of electrons perpendicularly to the plane of the magnetic stack. The magnetic stack includes a device to generate inhomogeneities of current at the level of the surface of the oscillating layer and the intensity of the current supplied by the supply device is selected such that the magnetization of the oscillating layer has a consistent magnetic configuration, the magnetic configuration oscillating as a whole at the same fundamental frequency. | 07-04-2013 |
20130176080 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source part to emit resonant light having two different wavelengths, a gas cell in which an alkali metal atom gas is enclosed and to which the resonant light is irradiated, a light detection part to detect an intensity of the resonant light transmitted through the gas cell, and a gas-flow generation part to generate a flow of the alkali metal atom gas. | 07-11-2013 |
20130176081 | INTERFERENCE FILTER, OPTICAL MODULE, AND ELECTRONIC APPARATUS - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a first light source unit that emits first resonance light, a gas cell in which an alkali metal atom is sealed, a first light detection unit that detects the intensity of the first resonance light having passed through the gas cell, a determination unit that determines whether or not the first light source unit has failed, a second light source unit that irradiates the gas cell with second resonance light when the determination unit determines that the first light source unit has failed, and a second light detection unit that detects the intensity of the second resonance light having passed through the gas cell, and the optical path length of the first resonance light in the gas cell and the optical path length of the second resonance light in the gas cell are equal to each other. | 07-11-2013 |
20130194046 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EXTERNAL FRIT MOUNTED COMPONENTS - Embodiments of the present invention provide improved systems and methods for external frit mounted components on a sensor device. In one embodiment, a method for fabricating a sensor device comprises securing at least one component stack on a sensor body over at least one opening in the sensor body, wherein the at least one component stack comprises a plurality of components and applying a frit to the plurality of components in the at least one component stack and the sensor body. The method further comprises heating the frit, the at least one component stack, and the sensor body such that the frit melts and cooling the frit, the at least one component stack, and the sensor body such that the at least one component stack is secured to the sensor body. | 08-01-2013 |
20130200955 | LIGHT-EMITTING DEVICE MODULE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A light-emitting device module includes a temperature variable device including a temperature control surface subjected to temperature control, a light-emitting device including a first electrode and mounted on a portion of the temperature control surface, a first terminal for supplying electric power to the first electrode, and a wire that causes the first terminal and the first electrode to conduct. The wire is thermally connected to the other portion of the temperature control surface. | 08-08-2013 |
20130265112 | LOW POWER REDUCTION OF BIASES IN A MICRO PRIMARY FREQUENCY STANDARD - A method for reducing or eliminating clock bias in an atomic clock is provided. The method comprises cooling a population of atoms collected in the atomic clock using a laser locked at a predetermined frequency, turning off the laser, performing atomic clock spectroscopy, turning on the laser after the atomic clock spectroscopy, and relocking the frequency of the laser to an external reference cell. The population of atoms that are in each of two ground hyperfine levels is then probed using laser light that is on or near-resonant with a selected atomic transition. | 10-10-2013 |
20130265113 | OPTICAL MODULE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module of an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source to generate first light including a fundamental wave having a center wavelength, and including a first sideband wave and a second sideband wave having wavelengths that are different from each other, a wavelength selection unit that emits second light by selecting the first sideband wave and the second sideband wave of the first light and by allowing them to pass through, a gas cell in which an alkali metal gas is sealed and to which the second light is irradiated, and a light detection unit that detects an intensity of the second light passing through the gas cell. | 10-10-2013 |
20130278346 | MAGNETIC OSCILLATOR - According to one embodiment, a magnetic oscillator includes a layered film and a pair of electrodes. The layered film includes a first ferromagnetic layer, an insulating layer stacked on the first ferromagnetic layer, and a second ferromagnetic layer stacked on the insulating layer. The pair of electrodes is configured to apply a current to the layered film in a direction perpendicular to a film surface of the layered film. Regions having different resistance area products are provided between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer. | 10-24-2013 |
20130293314 | Micro-scale System to Provide Thermal Isolation and Electrical Communication Between Substrates - An apparatus includes a chip-scale atomic clock (CSAC) alkali vapor cell seated on a silicon substrate that is suspended in a package by a metalized Parylene strap having Parylene anchors embedded in a silicon frame, the Parylene strap comprising an extended rigidizing structure, and a plurality of electrical pins extending into an interior of the package, the plurality of electrical pins in electrical communication with the CSAC cell through the metalized Parylene strap, where the CSAC cell is mechanically connected to the package and thermally insulated from the package. | 11-07-2013 |
20130314166 | OSCILLATOR USING SPIN TRANSFER TORQUE - An oscillator using spin transfer torque includes i) a pinned magnetic layer having a fixed magnetization direction, ii) a non-magnetic layer located on the pinned magnetic layer, and iii) a free magnetic layer located on the non-magnetic layer. The pinned magnetic layer includes i) a first part of the fixed magnetic layer and ii) a second part of the fixed magnetic layer located thereon. The first part of the fixed magnetic layer includes i) a first interface in contact with the second part of the fixed magnetic layer and ii) a second surface exposed to an outside while surrounding the first interface. | 11-28-2013 |
20130335154 | Frequency Stabilization of An Atomic Clock Against Variations of the C-Field - The frequency of an atomic clock may be stabilized against C-field variation by applying a rf magnetic field perpendicular to the C-field to cause a coherent population transfer between Zeeman states that compensates for quadratic frequency shift of transitions of the clock. The cancellation, provided by a feed-forward mechanism, is exact. The invention can be implemented in any atomic clock by including an electrode in the clock generating a magnetic field perpendicular to the C-field, and providing an electronic circuit to send rf signals to the electrode. | 12-19-2013 |
20130335155 | SURFACE-EMITTING LASER ELEMENT, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, AND SURFACE-EMITTING LASER ELEMENT TESTING METHOD - A disclosed surface-emitting laser element includes a lower DBR formed on a substrate, an active layer formed on the lower DBR, an upper DBR formed on the active layer, a wavelength-adjusting layer formed above the active layer, and a plurality of surface-emitting lasers configured to emit respective laser beams having different wavelengths by changing a thickness of the wavelength-adjusting layer. In the surface-emitting laser element, the wavelength-adjusting layer includes one of a first film having alternately layered GaInP and GaAsP and a second film having alternately layered GaInP and GaAs, the thickness of the wavelength-adjusting layer being changed by partially removing each of the alternating layers of a corresponding one of the first and second films. | 12-19-2013 |
20140028405 | LOW POWER MICROFABRICATED ATOMIC CLOCK - A low power microfabricated atomic clock generates a Coherent Population Trapping resonance. An absorption cell is disposed within a resonator cavity of a Fabry-Perot (FP) resonator or an optical ring resonator to enhance a modulation term of a transmittance. A modulated laser source, external to the resonator, is configured to excite the resonator and the absorption cell with a laser beam passing therethrough. A detector then determines a frequency associated with the CPT resonance of laser light exiting the resonator, and a frequency controller is coupled to the detector to adjust the modulated laser source based on the determined frequency. First and second quarter wave plates are positioned adjacent to respective first and second sides of the resonator. | 01-30-2014 |
20140035687 | DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR OPTICAL REFERENCE - A system for distributing a reference oscillator signal includes a clock having a reference oscillator and a femtosecond laser stabilized by the reference oscillator. The system also includes at least one beamsplitter configured to split the femtosecond laser. The system further includes one or more remote nodes that are spaced from the clock. The remote nodes are configured to generate reference signals based on the split femtosecond laser. | 02-06-2014 |
20140062608 | VAPOR CELL ATOMIC CLOCK PHYSICS PACKAGE - In an example, a chip-scale atomic clock physics package is provided. The physics package includes a body defining a cavity having a base surface and one or more side walls. The cavity includes a first step surface and a second step surface defined in the one or more side walls. A first scaffold mounted to the base surface in the cavity. One or more spacers defining an aperture therethrough are mounted to the second step surface in the cavity. A second scaffold is mounted to a first surface of the one or more spacers spans across the aperture of the one or more spacers. A third scaffold is mounted to a second surface of the one or more spacers in the cavity and spans across the aperture of the one or more spacers. Other components of the physics package are mounted to the first, second, and third scaffold. | 03-06-2014 |
20140070894 | ATOM CELL MODULE, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND ATOM CELL MAGNETIC FIELD CONTROL METHOD - An atom cell module includes an atom cell in which atoms are enclosed, a heating unit that heats the atom cell by generating heat when a current flows, and a magnetic field generator that generates a magnetic field inside the atom cell. A magnetic field at a predetermined position inside the atom cell generated by the magnetic field generator includes a magnetic field component in an opposite direction to a magnetic field at the predetermined position generated on the basis of a current flowing through the heating unit. | 03-13-2014 |
20140070895 | MANUFACTURING METHOD OF QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND ATOM CELL MODULE - A manufacturing method of an atom oscillator (an example of a quantum interference device) includes assembling the atom oscillator (an example of the quantum interference device) by respectively disposing a gas cell, a semiconductor laser, a light detector, ICs of a circuit unit, heaters, and coils at desired locations, and adjusting at least one of currents which flow through the coils, and positions and shapes of the coils such that a frequency-temperature characteristic of a pair of resonance light beams becomes approximately flat. | 03-13-2014 |
20140070896 | MAGNETIC FIELD FEEDBACK BASED SPINTRONIC OSCILLATOR - The embodiments herein relate to a magnetic field feedback based spintronic microwave oscillator driven by DC current. The microwave oscillator works based on a magnetic tunnel junction structure connected to a feedback waveguide. Any fluctuation in the magnetization direction of free magnetization layer of MTJ drives an oscillating current through the feedback waveguide which in turn exerts an oscillating magnetic field on the free layer and amplifies the magnetization fluctuations. If the DC current passing through the MTJ is more than a critical value, continuous processing states of the magnetization are possible. The critical current is independent of the thickness and magnetization of the free layer. A MTJ can be driven into spontaneous oscillations with DC current and magnetic field feedback circuit and can act as a spintronic microwave oscillator. | 03-13-2014 |
20140104008 | DEVICE, SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF FREQUENCY GENERATION USING AN ATOMIC RESONATOR - Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of generating a frequency reference using a solid-state atomic resonator formed by a solid-state material including an optical cavity having color centers. A device may include a solid-state atomic clock to generate a clock frequency signal, the solid-state atomic clock including a solid state atomic resonator formed by a solid-state material including au optical cavity having color centers, which are capable of exhibiting hyperfine transition, wherein the solid-state atomic clock may generate the clock frequency signal based on a hyperfine resonance frequency of the color centers. | 04-17-2014 |
20140111283 | SPIN TORQUE OSCILLATOR HAVING MULTIPLE FIXED FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS OR MULTIPLE FREE FERROMAGNETIC LAYERS - A spin torque oscillator and a method of making same. The spin torque oscillator is configured to generate microwave electrical oscillations without the use of a magnetic field external thereto, the spin torque oscillator having one of a plurality of input nanopillars and a nanopillar having a plurality of free FM layers. | 04-24-2014 |
20140145792 | Free Layer with Out-of-Plane Anisotropy for Magnetic Device Applications - Synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) and synthetic ferrimagnetic (SyF) free layer structures are disclosed that reduce Ho (for a SAF free layer), increase perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), and provide higher thermal stability up to at least 400° C. The SAF and SyF structures have a FL1/DL1/spacer/DL2/FL2 configuration wherein FL1 and FL2 are free layers with PMA, the coupling layer induces antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic coupling between FL1 and FL2 depending on thickness, and DL1 and DL2 are dusting layers that enhance the coupling between FL1 and FL2. The SAF free layer may be used with a SAF reference layer in STT-MRAM memory elements or in spintronic devices including a spin transfer oscillator. Furthermore, a dual SAF structure is described that may provide further advantages in terms of Ho, PMA, and thermal stability. | 05-29-2014 |
20140152393 | SURFACE EMITTING LASER DEVICE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - Disclosed is a surface emitting laser device, including a substrate; a lower reflecting mirror provided on the substrate; an active layer provided on the lower reflecting mirror; an upper reflecting mirror provided on the active layer, including an emitting region, laser light being emitted from the emitting region, the upper reflecting mirror being formed by alternately laminating dielectrics, refracting indices of the dielectrics being different from each other; and an adjusting layer formed of semiconductor, provided in the emitting region between the active layer and the upper reflecting mirror, a shape of the adjusting layer in a plane parallel to a surface of the substrate including shape anisotropy in two mutually perpendicular directions. | 06-05-2014 |
20140218122 | SPINTRONIC OSCILLATOR, AND USE THEREOF IN RADIOFREQUENCY DEVICES - An oscillator is provided including a nanopillar and current injector for injecting a power supply current through the nanopillar, the nanopillar including at least one pattern including first and second layers made from a ferromagnetic material separated from each other by an intermediate layer made from a non-magnetic material. Each of the first and second ferromagnetic layers is prepared such that its remanent magnetic configuration corresponds to a vortex configuration and the polarity of the vortex core of the first layer is opposite the polarity of the vortex core of the second layer. The intermediate layer can allow repellant magnetic coupling between the two vortices of the first and second layers, for a zero intensity of the power supply current and a zero amplitude of the outside magnetic field. | 08-07-2014 |
20140232478 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes a base, a unit portion including a gas cell and the like, and a support member that supports the unit portion against the base. The support member includes a plurality of leg portions and a connecting portion that connects the plurality of leg portions to each other. A connection portion between each leg portion and the base is separated from the unit portion in plan view from a direction in which the base and the unit portion overlap each other. | 08-21-2014 |
20140232479 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes: a gas cell which includes two window portions having a light transmissive property and in which metal atoms are sealed; a light emitting portion that emits excitation light to excite the metal atoms in the gas cell; a light detecting portion that detects the excitation light transmitted through the gas cell; a heater that generates heat; and a connection member that thermally connects the heater and each window portion of the gas cell to each other. | 08-21-2014 |
20140247094 | HIGH-PRECISION GHZ CLOCK GENERATION USING SPIN STATES IN DIAMOND - Techniques for obtaining a frequency standard using the crystal field splitting frequency of nitrogen vacancy center in diamond are disclosed. In certain exemplary embodiments, a microwave field is applied to the diamond and optically exciting the diamond under green light. The photoluminescent response of the diamond is measured by a photodetector. The intensity of the photoluminescent response can be used to determine the phase shift between the microwave and the crystal field splitting frequency. The microwave field frequency can be adjusted until the phase shift is below a predetermined threshold, and the microwave frequency can then be output for use as a standard. | 09-04-2014 |
20140285271 | OPTICAL MODULE FOR ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module for an atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect includes a light source part to emit resonant light having two different wavelengths, a gas cell in which an alkali metal atom gas is enclosed and to which the resonant light is irradiated, a light detection part to detect an intensity of the resonant light transmitted through the gas cell, and a gas-flow generation part to generate a flow of the alkali metal atom gas. | 09-25-2014 |
20140292426 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF THE ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes an atomic cell in which an atom is enclosed, a magnetic field generation part to apply a magnetic field to the atomic cell, a reference oscillator which is controlled based on an atomic resonance signal outputted from the atomic cell and generates a reference signal, and a fractional N-PLL which receives the reference signal to generate a signal including a resonance frequency of the atom, in which when a maximum digit of the resonance frequency adjustable by the magnetic field generation part is a boundary digit, the fractional N-PLL can adjust at least a digit one digit higher than the boundary digit. | 10-02-2014 |
20140347140 | PHYSICAL SYSTEM FOR CHIP-SCALE CPT ATOMIC CLOCK - A physical system for a chip-scale coherent population trapping (CPT) atomic clock. The physical system includes: a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) device, a first polarizing beam splitter, a first λ/4 wave plate, a chip of an atomic vapor cell, a second λ/4 wave plate, a reflection device, a lens, a second polarizing beam splitter, and a photo detector. The first polarizing beam splitter, the first λ/4 wave plate, the chip of the atomic vapor cell, the second λ/4 wave plate, and the reflection device are disposed in sequence. The lens, the second polarizing beam splitter, and the photo detector are disposed in sequence. | 11-27-2014 |
20140354366 | SURFACE EMITTING LASER ELEMENT AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A surface emitting laser element includes plural surface emitting lasers provided on a substrate. Each of the plural surface emitting lasers includes a first reflection mirror provided on the substrate; an active layer provided on the first reflection mirror; a wavelength adjustment region provided on the active layer; and a second reflection mirror provided on the wavelength adjustment region. The wavelength adjustment region includes a phase adjustment layer and a wavelength adjustment layer provided on the phase adjustment layer. A thickness of the wavelength adjustment region is approximately an odd multiple of a wavelength of emitted light divided by four. A thickness of the phase adjustment layer is approximately an even multiple of the wavelength of the emitted light divided by four. A thickness of the wavelength adjustment layer is different from a thickness of a wavelength adjustment layer of at least one of the other surface emitting lasers. | 12-04-2014 |
20140354367 | SURFACE-EMITTING LASER ELEMENT, METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A SURFACE-EMITTING LASER ELEMENT, AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - Disclosed is a surface-emitting laser element including a semiconductor substrate and plural surface-emitting lasers configured to emit light mutually different wavelengths, each surface-emitting laser including a lower Bragg reflector provided on the semiconductor substrate, a resonator provided on the lower Bragg reflector, an upper Bragg reflector provided on the resonator, and a wavelength adjustment layer provided in the upper Bragg reflector or lower Bragg reflector, the wavelength adjustment layers included in the surface-emitting lasers having mutually different thicknesses, at least one of the wavelength adjustment layers including adjustment layers made of two kinds of materials, and numbers of the adjustment layers included in the wavelength adjustment layers being mutually different. | 12-04-2014 |
20150022273 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A COLD ATOM FREQUENCY STANDARD - Systems and methods for a cold atom frequency standard are provided herein. In certain embodiments, a cold atom microwave frequency standard includes a vacuum cell, the vacuum cell comprising a central cylinder, the central cylinder being hollow and having a first open end and a second open end; a first end portion joined to the first open end; and a second end portion joined to the second open end, wherein the first end portion, the central cylinder, and the second end portion enclose a hollow volume containing atoms, the first end portion and the second end portion configured to allow light to enter into the hollow volume. The cold atom microwave frequency standard also includes a cylindrically symmetric resonator encircling the central cylinder, wherein the resonator generates a microwave field in the hollow volume at the resonant frequency of the atoms. | 01-22-2015 |
20150054591 | HEATER SUBSTRATE, ALKALI METAL CELL UNIT AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A heater substrate for heating an alkali metal cell including an alkali metal includes a first heater wiring formed in a region surrounding an alkali metal encapsulating part in which the alkali metal is encapsulated; a second heater wiring formed in the region surrounding the alkali metal encapsulating part and inside the first heater wiring; and a third heater wiring formed outside the first heater wiring. A first electric current flowing in the first heater wiring is divided into a second electric current flowing in the second heater wiring and a third electric current flowing in the third heater wiring. A direction of the first electric current is opposite to a direction of the second electric current and a direction of the third electric current. | 02-26-2015 |
20150061785 | ATOM CELL, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes a pair of window units, a wall extending between the pair of window units and forming a first space in which alkali metal in a gas state is housed with the pair of window units, and a second space communicating with the first space and provided in a position with the wall between the first and second spaces and housing alkali metal in a liquid or solid state. | 03-05-2015 |
20150084707 | ATOMIC CELL, ATOMIC RESONANCE TRANSITION DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic cell includes a pair of windows, and a body disposed between the pair of windows and forming an inner space in which alkali metal atoms are sealed along with the pair of windows. The inner space has a longitudinal shape in which a cross-section perpendicular to an arranging direction of the pair of windows extends in a first direction. Further, when a length of the inner space in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction in the cross-section is set to L1, and a length of the inner space in the first direction is set to L2, a relationship of L2/L1≧1.1 is satisfied. | 03-26-2015 |
20150091659 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, MOVING OBJECT, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell, a semiconductor laser, and a frequency modulation signal generator generating a frequency modulation signal causing the semiconductor laser to generate frequency-modulated light including a first-order sideband light pair causing an electromagnetically induced transparency phenomenon in metal atoms. When a modulation level of frequency modulation changes from low to high, a modulation level at a time when the first-order sideband light is maximized for the first time is represented as m | 04-02-2015 |
20150091660 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell, a semiconductor laser, a light detector, a bias current control section controlling a bias current based on intensity of light detected by the light detector, a memory, and an MPU. The MPU sweeps the bias current and stores a value of the bias current and a value of the intensity of the light when the intensity of the detected light shifts from a decrease to an increase and re-sweeps to set the bias current based on the value of the bias current stored in the memory after the sweep, compares the value of the intensity of the detected light with the value of the intensity of the light stored in the memory while the bias current control section controls the bias current, and determines whether to perform the sweep again in accordance with the comparison. | 04-02-2015 |
20150091661 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, FREQUENCY ADJUSTING METHOD OF ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell into which a metal atom and a buffer gas are sealed, a light source that emits light for exciting the metal atom in the gas cell, and a light detection unit (light reception unit) that detects the light which has been transmitted through the gas cell, in which the buffer gas includes neon (Ne) and argon (Ar), and a pressure ratio of Ar to the total of Ne and Ar is greater than 0 and less than 0.5. | 04-02-2015 |
20150091662 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes a gas cell having an internal space in which alkali metal atoms are entrapped, and a light output part that outputs excitation light containing a pair of resonance lights in resonance with the alkali metal atoms toward the internal space. Further, a width of the internal space along a direction perpendicular to an axis of the excitation light is W1, a width of the excitation light along the same direction in the internal space is W2, and a relation of 40%≦W2/W1≦95% is satisfied. | 04-02-2015 |
20150102863 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes: a base; a unit portion including a gas cell, in which alkali metal atoms are filled, and a heater that heats the gas cell; and a wiring line that electrically connects the base and the unit portion to each other and includes a portion having a cross-sectional area of 60 μm | 04-16-2015 |
20150102864 | LIGHT EMITTING DEVICE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - A light emitting device includes a first semiconductor multilayer film mirror of a first conductivity type, a second semiconductor multilayer film mirror of a second conductivity type that is different from the first conductivity type, an active layer formed between the first semiconductor multilayer film mirror and the second semiconductor multilayer film mirror, a third semiconductor multilayer film mirror of a semi-insulating type formed between the first semiconductor multilayer film mirror and the active layer, and a contact layer of the first conductivity type formed between the third semiconductor multilayer film mirror and the active layer, and the third semiconductor multilayer film mirror is formed of a material having a bandgap energy higher than an energy of light generated in the active layer. | 04-16-2015 |
20150109061 | SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR A WAFER SCALE ATOMIC CLOCK - Systems and methods for a wafer scale atomic clock are provided. In at least one embodiment, a wafer scale device comprises a first substrate; a cell layer joined to the first substrate, the cell layer comprising a plurality of hermetically isolated cells, wherein separate measurements are produced for each cell in the plurality of hermetically isolated cells; and a second substrate joined to the cell layer, wherein the first substrate and the second substrate comprise electronics to control the separate measurements, wherein the separate measurements are combined into a single measurement. | 04-23-2015 |
20150116046 | OPTICAL MODULE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module of an atomic oscillator includes: a surface emitting laser adapted to emit polarized light; a polarization element irradiated with the light emitted from the surface emitting laser, and having a polarization transmission axis disposed so as to be rotated by 45 degrees with respect to a polarization direction of the polarized light; a λ/4 plate irradiated with light having been transmitted through the polarization element, and having a fast axis disposed so as to be rotated by 45 degrees with respect to the polarization transmission axis; a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas, and irradiated with light having been transmitted through the λ/4 plate; and a light detection section adapted to detect intensity of light having been transmitted through the gas cell. | 04-30-2015 |
20150123739 | OPTICAL MODULE AND ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An optical module of an atomic oscillator includes: a surface emitting laser adapted to emit light; a depolarization element irradiated with the light emitted from the surface emitting laser, and adapted to dissolve a polarization state of the light irradiated; a polarization element irradiated with light having been transmitted through the depolarization element; a λ/4 plate irradiated with light having been transmitted through the polarization element, and having a fast axis disposed so as to rotate by 45 degrees with respect to a polarization transmission axis of the polarization element; a gas cell encapsulating an alkali metal gas, and irradiated with light having been transmitted through the λ/4 plate; and a light detection section adapted to detect intensity of light having been transmitted through the gas cell. | 05-07-2015 |
20150303873 | SPIN-TRANSFER TORQUE TYPE INJECTION LOCKING OSCILLATOR AND DESIGN METHOD THEREOF - The present invention provides a spin-transfer torque type injection locking oscillator which improves both power and noise performance by using pair of spin-transfer torque devices. One is optimized for high power and the other is optimized for low noise characteristics. The output signal of the low noise spin-transfer torque device is injected into the high output power spin-transfer torque for phase locking. The present invention has several advantages such as the miniaturization, the high quality and low cost, and the mass production of integrated chips by the nanoscale. | 10-22-2015 |
20150303931 | SPIN MODULATOR HAVING PHASE TUNING MEANS AND MODULATION METHOD THEREOF - A spin modulator with phase tuning means which comprises, a spin array which consists of m×n matrix spin-transfer torque oscillators, a selection control means which selectively operates the spin-transfer torque oscillators according to an operation condition of the spin array, and a phase tuning array which includes m×n matrix phase tuning means, wherein the m×n matrix phase tuning means tune a phase synchronization operation of the spin-transfer torque oscillators according to the operation condition. | 10-22-2015 |
20150349790 | ATOMIC RESONANCE TRANSITION DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic resonance transition device includes a gas cell having an internal space that seals an alkali metal, a light emitter that emits excitation light containing a resonance light pair that causes the alkali metal to resonate toward the alkali metal, and a magnetic field generator that applies a magnetic field to the alkali metal. The excitation light diverges in a width direction in the internal space as the light travels from a side where the excitation light is incident toward a side where the excitation light exits, and the magnetic field from the magnetic field generator has a portion where the intensity of the magnetic field increases in the internal space with distance from the side where the excitation light is incident toward the side where the excitation light exits. | 12-03-2015 |
20150349791 | ATOM CELL, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS, AND MOVING OBJECT - A gas cell includes an alkali metal, a pair of window parts, a body part provided between the pair of window parts and forming an internal space in which the alkali metal in a gaseous state is enclosed with the pair of window parts, and a space within a recessed part forming a part of the internal space or communicating with the internal space, in which a liquid-state or solid-state alkali metal is placed, and a bottom part as a wall part between the space within the recessed part and an outside has a smaller thickness than the window parts. | 12-03-2015 |
20150358026 | APPARATUS, SYSTEM, AND METHOD OF FREQUENCY GENERATION USING AN ATOMIC RESONATOR - Some demonstrative embodiments include devices, systems and/or methods of generating a frequency reference using a solid-state atomic resonator formed by a solid-state material including an optical cavity having color centers. A device may include a solid-state atomic clock to generate a clock frequency signal, the solid-state atomic clock including a solid state atomic resonator formed by a solid-state material including an optical cavity having color centers, which are capable of exhibiting hyperfine transition, wherein the solid-state atomic clock may generate the clock frequency signal based on a hyperfine resonance frequency of the color centers. The device may also include a compensator to compensate for a change in one or more attributes of the solid state atomic resonator, which are to affect the hyperfine resonance frequency of the color centers. | 12-10-2015 |
20150370222 | MANUFACTUREABLE LONG CELL WITH ENHANCED SENSITIVITY AND GOOD MECHANICAL STRENGTH - A method of providing a manufactureable long vapor cell with enhanced sensitivity and good mechanical strength, wherein the method provides a structure that increases the overall length of the vapor cell. | 12-24-2015 |
20150372687 | QUASI-LINEAR SPIN TORQUE NANO-OSCILLATORS - Techniques, systems, and devices are disclosed for implementing a quasi-linear spin-torque nano-oscillator based on exertion of a spin-transfer torque on the local magnetic moments in the magnetic layer and precession of the magnetic moments in the magnetic layer within a spin valve. Examples of spin-torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) are disclosed to use spin polarized currents to excite nano magnets that undergo persistent oscillations at RF or microwave frequencies. The spin currents are applied in a non-uniform manner to both excite the nano magnets into oscillations and generate dynamic damping at large amplitude as a feedback to reduce the nonlinearity associated with mixing amplitude and phase fluctuations. | 12-24-2015 |
20160013754 | HIGH POWER SPIN TORQUE OSCILLATOR INTEGRATED ON A TRANSISTOR | 01-14-2016 |
20160013795 | CONTROLLING OSCILLATORS | 01-14-2016 |
20160036384 | SPIN OSCILLATOR DEVICE - The present invention relates to using spin transfer torque underneath a nanocontact on a magnetic thin film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), provides generation of dissipative magnetic droplet solitons and report on their rich dynamical properties. Micromagnetic simulations identify a wide range of automodulation frequencies including droplet oscillatory motion, droplet “spinning”, and droplet “breather” states. The droplet can be controlled using both current and magnetic fields, and is expected to have applications in spintronics, magnonics, and PMA-based domain-wall devices. | 02-04-2016 |
20160072439 | ATOMIC CELL, ATOMIC CELL MANUFACTURING METHOD, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic cell includes: metallic atoms; a body portion having a through hole; window portions that are bonded to the body portion and form an inner space where the metallic atoms are sealed together with the body portion; a communication hole that communicates with the inner space and forms a groove and a hole; and a sealing portion that is disposed at a position that overlaps a bonding portion of the body portion and one window portion in a plan view seen in a direction where the body portion and the window portions are overlapped and blocks the communication hole by fusion. | 03-10-2016 |
20160079920 | Spin Torque Oscillator Having Multiple Fixed Ferromagnetic Layers or Multiple Free Ferromagnetic Layers - A spin torque oscillator and a method of making same. The spin torque oscillator is configured to generate microwave electrical oscillations without the use of a magnetic field external thereto, the spin torque oscillator having one of a plurality of input nanopillars and a nanopillar having a plurality of free FM layers. | 03-17-2016 |
20160094233 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR - An atomic oscillator using a quantum interference effect, includes: a first light source unit emitting first light which includes a resonant light pair having two different wavelengths; a gas cell sealed with alkali metal atoms; a first light detection unit detecting a light intensity of the first light which is transmitted through the gas cell; a second light source unit emitting second light towards the gas cell; and a control unit changing a light intensity of the second light which is emitted from the second light source unit to compensate a change in the light intensity detected by the first light detection unit. | 03-31-2016 |
20160105149 | ATOMIC CELL, ATOMIC CELL MANUFACTURING METHOD, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic cell includes: alkaline metallic atoms, a body portion and window portions forming an inner space in which alkaline metallic atoms are sealed, and a getter material disposed in the inner space. The getter material is an alloy including at least one of titanium, barium, tantalum, zirconium, aluminum, vanadium, indium, and calcium, or an Al—Zr—V—Fe based alloy. | 04-14-2016 |
20160105150 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic oscillator includes an atom cell, a first light source device, a second light source device, and a reception section. The atom cell is filled with alkali metal. The first light source device emits a light beam that includes a resonance light beam pair configured to be circularly polarized with each other in the same direction and configured to cause the alkali metal to resonate. The second light source device emits a light beam that includes adjustment light beam configured to be circularly polarized in a reverse direction to the resonance light beam pair. The reception device receives the resonance light beam pair that pass through the atom cell. The adjustment light beam may include the resonance light beam that causes the alkali metal to resonate. In addition, the resonance light beam pair may be a line and the adjustment light beam is a line. | 04-14-2016 |
20160126703 | SURFACE EMITTING LASER, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, AND MANUFACTURING METHOD OF SURFACE EMITTING LASER - A surface emitting laser includes: a substrate; and a laminated body disposed over the substrate, wherein the laminated body includes a first mirror layer disposed over the substrate, an active layer disposed over the first mirror layer, and a second mirror layer disposed over the active layer, and surface roughness Ra of an uppermost layer of the first mirror layer is greater than or equal to 0.45 nm and less than or equal to 1.0 nm. | 05-05-2016 |
20160126965 | ATOMIC CELL MANUFACTURING METHOD, ATOMIC CELL, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT - An atomic cell manufacturing method includes a preparing process of preparing a structure that includes a wall portion which forms an inner space and a portion thereof is a light transmission portion, and in which liquid or solid alkaline metals are disposed in the light transmission portion, and an adjusting process of adjusting distribution such that alkaline metals are distributed so as to be intensively disposed on an outer circumferential portion side of the light transmission portion compared to a center portion of the light transmission portion, by heating the light transmission portion. | 05-05-2016 |
20160142012 | SPIN CURRENT GENERATION WITH NANO-OSCILLATOR - A device including a spin channel to transport a spin current, a nano-oscillator, and a magnetoresistive device that receives the spin current from the nano-oscillator. The nano-oscillator includes a magnetization state that oscillates between a first state and a second state in response to an input voltage or current. The oscillation of the nano-oscillator may induce the spin current within the spin channel. The magnetoresistive device includes a magnetization state that is set based at least in part on the received spin current. | 05-19-2016 |
20160182069 | ATOMIC RESONANCE TRANSITION DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, TIMEPIECE, ELECTRONIC APPARATUS AND MOVING OBJECT | 06-23-2016 |
20160191068 | GAS CELL, QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT - A gas cell includes an internal space in which metal atoms and a buffer gas are sealed. The buffer gas includes a gas mixture including nitrogen gas and argon gas. The mole fraction of the argon gas in the gas mixture is equal to or greater than 15% and equal to or less than 40%. | 06-30-2016 |
20160204788 | QUANTUM INTERFERENCE DEVICE, ATOMIC OSCILLATOR, ELECTRONIC DEVICE, AND MOVING OBJECT | 07-14-2016 |
20160378065 | DEVICE FOR AN ATOMIC CLOCK - The present invention concerns a device ( | 12-29-2016 |
20190149157 | Atomic Oscillator | 05-16-2019 |
20190149158 | Atomic Oscillator | 05-16-2019 |
20190149159 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR | 05-16-2019 |
20190149160 | ATOMIC OSCILLATOR | 05-16-2019 |